The National Children's Commissioner will use her appearance at the National Press Club on Wednesday to highlight her new report, which calls for a massive overhaul of Australia's approach to child justice.
Anne Hollonds will argue reforming Australia's child justice and wellbeing systems is imperative to reduce child offending, protect the human rights of children and keep communities safe.
Tabled in Parliament last month, "Help way earlier!': How Australia can transform child justice to improve safety and wellbeing" contains 24 recommendations, focussing on elevating child wellbeing to a national priority, coordinating action on child justice reform across Australia's federation, and ensuring reform is based on evidence and human rights.
Her speech comes in the wake of a second child who identifies as Indigenous dying in custody in Western Australia in less than a year, and the Northern Territory government vowing to reduce the age of criminal responsibility to 10, from 12, against medical, human rights and legal advice.
"Tragically, by not addressing their [children's] human rights early on, and instead taking a punitive approach to their offending, we are essentially criminalising some of the most vulnerable children in Australia," the Commissioner said last month.
"Many are First Nations children dealing with intergenerational trauma and disadvantage, and children with disabilities, mental health issues, and learning problems. Many of these children and their families are living with poverty, marginalisation, and systemic racism."
The report included the testimony of more than 150 children and young people who have been or are at risk of being in contact with police and criminal justice systems, as well as those who are in youth detention.
"What I saw and heard is evidence of the most egregious breaches of human rights in this country. This includes the way that vulnerable children are treated in detention," Commissioner Hollonds said.
The report comes as revelations about several jurisdictions have infringed - actually or implied - on the rights of children.
Last week, a new Police Accountability Dashboard by Redfern Legal Centre (RLC) revealed First Nations children are strip-searched at a younger age and at a greater rate between the ages of 11 and 15 compared to non-First Nations children.
Two of the Aboriginal children strip-searched by NSW police were just 11 years old.
In South Australia, National Indigenous Times revealed South Australia's Attorney-General Kyam Maher failed to reply to the state's Guardian for Children and Young People in the almost five months since a report sharing the voices of children and young people in detention was published.
The Commissioner will address the barriers to action, including the role of the media and how politics gets in the way of prevention, which in turn fails to ensure the wellbeing of Australia's most vulnerable children.
"It is clear that, to date, we have approached offending by children the wrong way," Commissioner Hollonds said last month.
"We cannot 'police' our way out of this problem, and the evidence shows that locking up children does not make the community safer."